BBC Two. 20 Oct 2017 Add to My Bitesize Add to My Bitesize. We don’t know how true this was or whether it was set-up so Hitler had an “excuse” or justification for going after Rohm (similar to the Reichstag Fire being an excuse for going after the Communists) When the SA leadership threatened Hitler’s plans for the future of the Nazi Party, he had them murdered in a ‘Blood Purge’ known as the Night of the Long Knives … We'll email you at these times to remind you to study. Subsequently, Papen served as an ambassador of Germany in Vienna from 1934 to 1938 and in Ankara from 1939 to 1944. On 27 February 1933, the Reichstag building was burned down. Propaganda and social control kept the population in line. The Night of the Long Knives not only removed the SA leaders but also got Hitler the army’s oath that he so needed. Before the March elections of that year he had been made Chancellor under President Paul von Hindenburg. At about 10:30 am on 30 June 1934, out of a car parked on the street outside of Schleicher's villa (Griebnitzstrasse 4, Neubabelsberg near Potsdam ), a group of men wearing trench coats and fedoras emerged; they proceeded to walk up to Schleicher's home. Nazi economic, social and racial policy - WJEC, Home Economics: Food and Nutrition (CCEA). Popular economic and foreign policies encouraged widespread support. The Night of Long Knives, also known as the Röhm Putsch, was the purge of the SA leadership and other political opponents from 30 June 1934 to 2 July 1934. Prime Minister Harold Macmillan carried out the most brutal reshuffle in British political history, better known as the Night of the Long Knives, 50 years ago to … Hitler acted quickly to remove his opponents - within a year all opponents had either left Germany or had been sent to special concentration camps run by the **. They were under the control of Ernst Röhm, a loyal follower of Hitler since the early days of the Nazi Party. When President Hindenburg died of old age, Hitler unified the offices of President and Chancellor and became head of the German Army. A Dutch communist was accused of starting the fire. For ease of locating, the title stem is … During the riots of 1965-7 more than 130 people were killed and the damage caused came to more than $700million. Early in her stay, Nora Waln reads an account of Hitler's Night of the Long Knives in an uncensored British newspaper. It was the most brutal cabinet reshuffle in British political history. This removed any internal Nazi Party opposition to Hitler. You can search the site for BBC programmes, people, dates and Radio Times editions. In 1934 leaders of the SS and the German army warned Hitler that Röhm was planning to seize power. Many members of the SA, including its leader Ernst Röhm, were demanding that the Nazi party carry out its socialist agenda and that the SA take over the army. However just 18 months later, he declared himself the sole ruler and Führer of Germany. Night of the Long Knives. You're all set. While the SA were dreaming about using their long knives against their hated enemies; the middle classes and the Reichswehr; it was the SS who actually used them in June 1934 to crush Ernst Röhm and his mutinous SA rabble once and for all.. Röhm’s SA was out of control. This neutralised any sources of opposition to Hitler within the army. Everything Everything - Night Of The Long Knives Everything Everything play their latest single Night Of The Long Knives on Annie Mac's Radio 1 show. Members of the armed forces had to swear a personal oath of allegiance not to Germany, but to Hitler. Starting on the night of the 30 June 1934, the Nazis removed their political opponents and paramilitary supporters in a single purge in what became known as the Night of the Long Knives. Long-standing Liberal Democrat MP Charles Kennedy has described his loss of the Ross, Skye and Lochaber constituency as "the night of long sgian dubhs". Signed. In January 1933, leading a coalition government with only two other Nazis in the cabinet, Hitler was expected to only survive a short period as Chancellor. Night of the Long Knives 30 June 1934. Monday Set Reminder-7 am + Tuesday Set Reminder-7 am + The Nazis crushed opposition through legal moves, fear and intimidation. The Night of the Long Knives 1934. By the summer of 1934, the SA’s numbers had swollen to 2 million men. Kurt von Schleicher, German army officer, last chancellor of the Weimar Republic, an opponent of Adolf Hitler in 1932–33. Lesson objectives with clear outcomes. Read about our approach to external linking. The Night of the Long Knives, in June 1934, saw the wiping out of the SA's leadership and others who had angered Hitler in the recent past. In August 1932 there were approximately 445,000 members of the SA. 30 June 1934 – Night of the Long Knives. Watch now Audio Described. This gave the Nazis control over workers. The SA under the command of Ernst Röhm were a turbulent, uncontrollable and mutinous rabble who were braying for … Our tips from experts and exam survivors will help you through. By 1933 Hitler was a step closer to his goal of having complete control of Germany. Programme Explorer, Discover 208,701 radio and TV programmes from across the BBC, on BBC Sounds and iPlayer Rise of the Nazis Series 1 Night of the Long Knives. Twitter ... the Reichstag. All of the lessons can be taught together, but each covers a topic so can also be picked up separately. He had total control over Germany but lived in constant fear of assassination and opposition. This formally made Hitler the absolute ruler of Germany. Joining the German military in 1900, Schleicher attached himself to the newly created Reichswehr in 1919 and by 1929 was a major general in charge of an office in the Reichswehr Using the fire as an excuse, Hitler had the Communist Party banned after the March elections. The German Labour Front was established in their place. Hitler could not afford to lose the support of the army or of businessmen, who felt threatened and were opposed to socialist reforms that the SA wanted. Other opponents such as the ex-Chancellor General von Schleicher, were also murdered. Study Reminders . He had already silenced those on the left such as the Social Democrats and the Communists, … passed a law retrospectively legalising the Night of the Long Knives. Learn about and revise how Hitler got into power between 1929 and 1934 with this BBC Bitesize History (OCR B) study guide. Search the BBC Search the BBC. Full lesson on the Nazi Germany Night of the Long Knives. He took the title of Führer (‘Leader’) and took on complete dictatorial powers. Hitler could not afford to annoy businessmen or the army, so the SS (Hitler's personal bodyguards) murdered around 400 members of the SA, including Röhm, along with a number of Hitler's other opponents like the previous Chancellor, von Schleicher. On 30 June, the SS assassinated just under 100 of the SA’s leadership, including Röhm. SA, in the German Nazi Party, a paramilitary organization whose use of violent intimidation played a key role in Adolf Hitler’s rise to power. The result was that it was made Hitler the undisputed leader of the Nazis and by extension Germany. On 14 July 1933 all political parties except the Nazi Party were banned - this removed the need for elections and created a one-party state, On 24 April 1934, People's Courts were established - anyone accused of treason was to be tried by the courts' Nazi judges, SA leader Ernst Röhm was in charge of Hitler’s storm troops, opposition to Hitler within the Nazi Party was wiped out, Hitler ensured the German army would be loyal to him, Nazi supporters were shown they were not safe if Hitler doubted their absolute loyalty, Growth of nationalism in Germany, 1815-1850, The degree of growth in German nationalism, Religious, moral and philosophical studies. Ernst Röhm, German army officer and chief organizer of Adolf Hitler’s Storm Troopers (Sturmabteilung, or SA; Brownshirts). We'll email you at these times to remind you to study. Carried out primarily by the SS and the Gestapo, over 150 people were murdered and hundreds more were arrested. A history of the Night of the Long Knives that includes includes images, quotations and the main facts of his life. This gave him the second most powerful political position in Germany. June 1934, Hitler has been German chancellor for 17 months. Read about our approach to external linking. August 1965 there was a big riot in the Watts district of Los Angeles After suspending the Communists and using the SA to intimidate members of the other parties, Hitler had the two-thirds majority support in the parliament he needed to suspend the country's Constitution. 30 June 1934 - 'Night of the Long Knives' The SA cause problems by demanding to take over the army. How did the Nazis consolidate their power between 1933 and 1934? After Hindenburg died, Hitler declared himself jointly president, chancellor and head of the army. Germany GCSE History – Long Knives This is one of many lessons that I have uploaded on the history of Germany for GCSE pupils. Fifty years ago Prime Minister Harold Macmillan shocked the nation by sacking … Feared as a rival by Hitler, he was murdered at the Führer’s order. Includes GCSE style Qs with markscheme and model answers. It also showed the rest of the world what a tyrant Hitler was. When, from 30 June to 2 July 1934, the Night of the Long Knives occurred, Schleicher was one of the chief victims. Soon afterwards Papen resigned as vice-chancellor and was sent as ambassador to Austria (1934-39) where he plotting successfully for the achievement of Anschluss . This meant Hitler now had the power to issue new laws without consulting Parliament. The SA looked to take control of the army and members were involved in street violence. Hitler had the Communist Party's 81 officials arrested. Can be used as as a stand alone lesson but also as part of a wider SOW on Weimar Republic / Nazi Germany (other lessons also available). The Night of the Long Knives was the term given to the process whereby Hitler, in 1934, purged the Nazi Party of all those who were a threat to Hitler. Sign in, choose your GCSE subjects and see content that's tailored for you. Other political parties were banned; Our tips from experts and exam survivors will help you through. Hitler made the Nazis the only legal political organisation in the country, the other parties were banned or dissolved themselves, no-one could now challenge the Nazis legally - making opposition very dangerous, opponents of the Nazis now had to work in secret, In April 1933, the parliaments of the German states (Lander) were replaced by Nazi governors who could appoint and dismiss officials and judges. At the March elections the Nazi party was the largest single political party. A soldier from 1906, Röhm was wounded three times in World War I, during which he attained the rank of This site contains the BBC listings information which the BBC printed in Radio Times between 1923 and 2009. After the Night of the Long Knives, which included the murder of Kurt von Schleicher, Papen sent a letter to Hitler praising him for "crushing the intended second revolution." Fearing that the paramilitary SA had become too powerful, Hitler ordered his elite SS guards to murder the organization’s leaders, including Ernst Rohm as well as hundreds of other perceived opponents. Many members of the SA, including its leader Ernst Röhm, were demanding that the Nazi party carry out its socialist agenda and that the SA take over the army. Night of the Long Knives, in German history, purge of Nazi leaders by Adolf Hitler on June 30, 1934. By 1934, Hitler was in complete control as a result of these actions. On 2 May 1933 trade unions were abolished and their leaders arrested. You can set up to 7 reminders per week. Bitesize; Arts; Taster; Local; Three; Menu; Search. GCSE Modern World History - Nazi Germany. The Enabling Act (The Law for removing the Distress of the People and the Reich) gave Hitler the power to issue emergency decrees without the approval of President Hindenburg. After becoming Chancellor, Hitler and the Nazis set about consolidating their power and wiping out opposition to the Party’s control of Germany. This destroyed all opposition to Hitler within the Nazi Party and gave power to the brutal SS. Under its leader Ernst Röhm, Hitler's storm troops, the SA, had grown powerful. 30 June 1934 - Night of the Long Knives SA leader Ernst Röhm was in charge of Hitler’s storm troops Under its leader Ernst Röhm, Hitler's storm troops, the SA, had grown powerful. 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